Other Ways to Say “As Follows”: Expanding Your English Vocabulary

The phrase “as follows” is a useful tool for introducing lists, explanations, or examples in both formal and informal writing. However, relying on it too frequently can make your language sound repetitive and monotonous.

Mastering alternative expressions not only enhances the clarity and sophistication of your writing, but also allows you to tailor your language to suit different contexts and audiences. This article delves into a comprehensive exploration of various alternatives to “as follows,” providing definitions, examples, and practical exercises to help you diversify your communication skills.

This guide is beneficial for students, writers, professionals, and anyone looking to improve their English proficiency. By understanding and utilizing these alternatives, you can make your writing more engaging, precise, and impactful.

Whether you are crafting an academic paper, a business report, or a simple email, this knowledge will empower you to express yourself with greater confidence and nuance.

Table of Contents

Definition and Function of “As Follows”

The phrase “as follows” is an introductory phrase used to signal that a list, explanation, or example is about to be presented. It functions as a formal way to prepare the reader or listener for what is coming next.

Essentially, it’s a linguistic cue that indicates a detailed enumeration or clarification will immediately follow.

In terms of classification, “as follows” can be categorized as a prepositional phrase acting as an adverbial phrase. It modifies the verb by providing information about how something will proceed or be presented.

Its primary function is to create a clear and structured flow of information, ensuring that the audience is prepared for the specifics being introduced.

The phrase is most commonly used in formal writing, such as academic papers, legal documents, or business reports. While grammatically correct in informal settings, it can sound overly formal and stilted.

Therefore, it’s crucial to consider the context and audience when deciding whether to use “as follows” or a more casual alternative.

Structural Breakdown of “As Follows”

The structure of “as follows” is relatively simple: it consists of the conjunction “as” and the verb “follows.” The word “as” functions as a conjunction, indicating a relationship of manner or degree. The verb “follows” is in the third-person singular present tense, even when introducing a list of multiple items.

This is because “follows” refers to the information that *will follow* the introductory phrase, not the items themselves.

The phrase typically appears after a colon (:), which serves to further emphasize the introduction of a list, explanation, or example. The colon acts as a visual cue, signaling to the reader that the information following it is directly related to the preceding statement.

For instance:

Example: The requirements for the project are as follows: a detailed proposal, a comprehensive timeline, and a budget breakdown.

In this example, “as follows” introduces the list of requirements. The colon indicates that what comes after “as follows” will be a specification of those requirements.

It’s important to note that “as follows” is generally used to introduce information that is presented in a structured or enumerated format. While it can be used to introduce a single example, it’s more commonly used when multiple items or points are being presented.

Alternatives to “As Follows”

While “as follows” is a useful phrase, there are many alternative ways to introduce lists, explanations, and examples in English. Choosing the right alternative depends on the context, formality, and desired tone of your writing.

Here’s a breakdown of some common alternatives, categorized by their primary function:

Introducing Lists

When introducing a list, you can use phrases that clearly indicate an enumeration of items. These alternatives often provide a more concise and direct way to present the information.

  • The following: This is a direct and versatile alternative suitable for both formal and informal contexts.
  • These are: A simple and straightforward option, especially useful for shorter lists.
  • Namely: Used to specify or identify particular items in a list.
  • Consist of: Indicates that the list comprises all the components or elements of something.
  • Include: Suggests that the list is not exhaustive and may contain additional items not mentioned.
  • Comprise: Similar to “consist of,” but emphasizes the elements that make up the whole.

Providing Explanations

When providing explanations, you need phrases that clearly signal a clarification or elaboration of a previous statement. These alternatives help to guide the reader through your reasoning.

  • That is to say: Used to rephrase or clarify a previous statement in simpler terms.
  • In other words: Similar to “that is to say,” offering a different way to express the same idea.
  • Specifically: Highlights a particular detail or aspect of a broader topic.
  • To explain: Directly introduces an explanation of something.
  • Put differently: Offers an alternative phrasing to enhance understanding.

Giving Examples

When giving examples, you need phrases that clearly introduce illustrative instances or cases. These alternatives make your writing more concrete and relatable.

  • For example: A common and versatile phrase suitable for most contexts.
  • For instance: Similar to “for example,” but often used to introduce a more specific or detailed example.
  • Such as: Introduces a list of examples that are representative of a larger category.
  • Like: An informal alternative to “such as.”
  • To illustrate: Signals that an example will be used to clarify a point.

Formal Contexts

In formal writing, maintaining a professional and precise tone is essential. The following alternatives are well-suited for academic papers, legal documents, and business reports.

  • As follows (still appropriate, but consider alternatives for variety)
  • The following: A direct and professional option.
  • Namely: Useful for specifying items in a formal list.
  • Specifically: Highlights particular details in a formal explanation.
  • For instance: Provides a detailed example in a formal context.

Informal Contexts

In informal writing, such as emails to friends or blog posts, you can use more casual and conversational alternatives.

  • Like: A simple and informal way to introduce examples.
  • Such as: Still appropriate, but can be slightly more formal than “like.”
  • For example: Acceptable in informal contexts, but consider more casual options for variety.
  • These are: A straightforward option for introducing a list.

Examples

To illustrate how these alternatives can be used in practice, here are some examples categorized by their function:

Examples for Introducing Lists

The following table provides examples of using different phrases to introduce lists. Each example demonstrates how to effectively present a series of items or points.

Alternative Example
The following The following items are required for the exam: a pen, a pencil, and an eraser.
These are These are the main ingredients for the recipe: flour, sugar, and eggs.
Namely The company has three main departments, namely: sales, marketing, and finance.
Consist of The team will consist of the following members: John, Mary, and David.
Include The package will include the following items: a book, a CD, and a poster.
Comprise The project will comprise the following stages: planning, execution, and evaluation.
The key aspects are The key aspects are: thorough research, clear communication, and effective collaboration.
Essential elements include Essential elements include: a strong introduction, well-supported arguments, and a concise conclusion.
The primary factors are The primary factors are: market demand, competitive landscape, and financial feasibility.
The core components are The core components are: data collection, data analysis, and data interpretation.
The steps involved are The steps involved are: initial assessment, strategic planning, and implementation.
The necessary tools are The necessary tools are: a hammer, a screwdriver, and a wrench.
The main objectives are The main objectives are: increased sales, improved customer satisfaction, and enhanced brand awareness.
The critical elements are The critical elements are: risk management, quality control, and resource allocation.
The ingredients needed are The ingredients needed are: tomatoes, basil, and mozzarella.
The required documents are The required documents are: a passport, a visa, and a flight itinerary.
The topics covered include The topics covered include: algebra, geometry, and calculus.
The areas of focus are The areas of focus are: employee training, process optimization, and technological innovation.
The key principles are The key principles are: sustainability, efficiency, and transparency.
The major benefits are The major benefits are: cost savings, increased productivity, and improved decision-making.
The main concerns are The main concerns are: environmental impact, social responsibility, and ethical considerations.
The primary goals are The primary goals are: market expansion, product diversification, and customer retention.
The fundamental aspects are The fundamental aspects are: theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and critical thinking.
The significant changes are The significant changes are: organizational restructuring, technological upgrades, and policy revisions.
The crucial factors are The crucial factors are: time management, resource allocation, and effective communication.
Related Post  Synonyms for "I Would Love To": Expanding Your English

Examples for Providing Explanations

The following table provides examples of using different phrases to provide explanations. Each example demonstrates how to effectively clarify or elaborate on a previous statement.

Alternative Example
That is to say The project is due next week, that is to say, you have seven days to complete it.
In other words The company is downsizing; in other words, some employees will be laid off.
Specifically The report needs improvement; specifically, the data analysis section is lacking.
To explain To explain the process, let’s start with the basic principles.
Put differently The results were inconclusive; put differently, we couldn’t draw any firm conclusions.
More precisely The deadline is flexible, more precisely, it can be extended by a week if necessary.
To be clear To be clear, all employees must adhere to the new safety regulations.
In essence In essence, the new policy aims to improve employee morale.
Essentially Essentially, the goal is to reduce costs without compromising quality.
Simply put Simply put, the market is becoming more competitive.
To put it another way To put it another way, we need to rethink our strategy.
For clarification For clarification, the term “sustainable” refers to practices that can be maintained indefinitely.
To elaborate To elaborate on this point, let’s consider the long-term implications.
In simpler terms In simpler terms, the algorithm sorts data based on relevance.
To clarify further To clarify further, the warranty covers defects in materials and workmanship.
To put it succinctly To put it succinctly, the project is behind schedule and over budget.
To be more specific To be more specific, we need to improve our marketing efforts in the Asian market.
In more detail In more detail, the study examined the effects of climate change on coastal ecosystems.
To explain further To explain further, the model takes into account various economic factors.
In technical terms In technical terms, the system uses a distributed ledger technology.
In layman’s terms In layman’s terms, the process involves converting raw data into meaningful insights.
To break it down To break it down, the process consists of three main steps.
To put it plainly To put it plainly, the company is facing financial difficulties.
In short In short, the project aims to improve efficiency and reduce costs.
To summarize To summarize, the report highlights the key findings and recommendations.

Examples for Giving Examples

The following table provides examples of using different phrases to give examples. Each example demonstrates how to effectively illustrate a point with concrete instances.

Alternative Example
For example Many fruits are rich in vitamins, for example, oranges and apples.
For instance The company invests in renewable energy, for instance, solar and wind power.
Such as Many countries in Europe, such as France and Germany, have strong economies.
Like Some animals, like dogs and cats, make great pets.
To illustrate To illustrate the concept, consider the following scenario.
As an illustration As an illustration, let’s look at the case of Apple Inc.
A case in point A case in point is the success of the electric vehicle market.
Consider Consider the example of a small business owner struggling to make ends meet.
Take the case of Take the case of Singapore, which has transformed itself into a global hub.
As a demonstration As a demonstration, let’s perform a simple experiment.
By way of example By way of example, let’s consider the impact of social media on society.
To give you an idea To give you an idea, here are some of the projects we’ve worked on.
As a specific example As a specific example, consider the implementation of a new technology in the healthcare sector.
In particular The company focuses on sustainable practices, in particular, reducing carbon emissions.
Notably The study found several important results, notably, a significant increase in student performance.
One example is One example is the development of artificial intelligence for medical diagnosis.
Another example is Another example is the use of renewable energy sources to power homes and businesses.
For one For one, the company has invested heavily in research and development.
To cite an example To cite an example, consider the success of the sharing economy.
If we look at If we look at the automotive industry, we can see a clear trend towards electric vehicles.
Think of Think of the impact of the internet on communication and information sharing.
Just think of Just think of the benefits of using renewable energy sources.
As proof As proof, consider the increasing number of companies adopting sustainable practices.
To provide context To provide context, let’s look at the historical development of the technology.
In support of this In support of this, numerous studies have shown the benefits of exercise for mental health.

Examples in Formal Contexts

The following table provides examples of using alternatives to “as follows” in formal contexts, such as academic papers and business reports.

Alternative Example
The following The following recommendations are proposed for improving the company’s performance: a comprehensive market analysis, a strategic marketing plan, and a cost-reduction strategy.
Namely The research identified three key factors influencing consumer behavior, namely: price, quality, and brand reputation.
Specifically The report highlights several areas for improvement; specifically, the customer service department needs additional training.
For instance The company has implemented several sustainable practices; for instance, it has reduced its carbon footprint by 20% in the last year.
The key considerations are The key considerations are: regulatory compliance, ethical standards, and financial stability.
The main objectives include The main objectives include: increasing market share, improving customer satisfaction, and enhancing brand reputation.
The primary focus is The primary focus is: enhancing product innovation, improving operational efficiency, and expanding into new markets.
The critical success factors are The critical success factors are: effective leadership, strong teamwork, and a customer-centric approach.
The essential elements comprise The essential elements comprise: a solid business plan, a strong management team, and adequate funding.
The fundamental principles are The fundamental principles are: integrity, transparency, and accountability.

Examples in Informal Contexts

The following table provides examples of using alternatives to “as follows” in informal contexts, such as emails to friends and social media posts.

Alternative Example
Like I love to eat fruits like apples, bananas, and oranges.
Such as I enjoy outdoor activities such as hiking, biking, and swimming.
These are These are the things I need from the grocery store: milk, bread, and eggs.
For example I have many hobbies, for example, reading, painting, and playing guitar.
Think of Think of all the fun things we can do this weekend!
Just think of Just think of how much we’ll enjoy our vacation!
As an example As an example, I recently tried a new restaurant and it was amazing!
For instance I love to travel; for instance, I’m planning a trip to Europe next year.
One thing is One thing is, I really need to catch up on my sleep this weekend.
Another thing is Another thing is, I want to try a new recipe for dinner tonight.

Usage Rules

When using alternatives to “as follows,” it’s crucial to adhere to certain usage rules to ensure clarity and grammatical correctness. Here are some key guidelines:

  • Punctuation: Most alternatives, like “the following” or “namely,” are typically followed by a colon (:) to introduce the list, explanation, or example.
  • Context: Choose alternatives that are appropriate for the context and formality of your writing. Avoid using overly formal phrases in informal settings and vice versa.
  • Grammatical Agreement: Ensure that the verb tense and subject-verb agreement are correct in the sentence. For example, “The requirements *are* as follows” is correct because “requirements” is plural.
  • Clarity: The primary goal is to make your writing clear and easy to understand. Choose alternatives that effectively introduce the information you are presenting.
  • Variety: Avoid overusing any single alternative. Vary your language to make your writing more engaging and less repetitive.

Common Mistakes

Even experienced writers sometimes make mistakes when using alternatives to “as follows.” Here are some common errors to avoid:

  • Incorrect Punctuation: Using a semicolon (;) instead of a colon (:) after the introductory phrase.
  • Inappropriate Formality: Using overly formal phrases in informal contexts or vice versa.
  • Grammatical Errors: Incorrect verb tense or subject-verb agreement.
  • Overuse: Repeating the same alternative too frequently, making the writing monotonous.
  • Misunderstanding the Meaning: Using an alternative that doesn’t accurately convey the intended meaning.
Related Post  Polite Alternatives: Mastering "Can You Please..."

Here are some examples of correct and incorrect usage:

Incorrect Correct Explanation
The items are; a pen, a pencil, and an eraser. The items are: a pen, a pencil, and an eraser. A colon (:) should be used to introduce a list.
The reasons are namely: cost and time. The reasons are namely: cost and time. OR The reasons are, namely, cost and time. “Namely” is often set off by commas, or a colon can be used.
For example, I likes apples. For example, I like apples. Correct subject-verb agreement is essential.
The following is: a list of ingredients. The following is a list of ingredients. Redundancy should be avoided. The colon already implies “is.”

Practice Exercises

To reinforce your understanding of alternatives to “as follows,” try these practice exercises:

Exercise 1: Choosing the Right Alternative

Choose the best alternative to “as follows” for each sentence.

Question Options Answer
The project requires three main components: ____, data collection, analysis, and reporting. A) as follows B) namely C) for example D) like B) namely
The company invests in renewable energy sources ____ solar and wind power. A) as follows B) that is to say C) such as D) the following C) such as
The results were inconclusive; ____, we couldn’t draw any firm conclusions. A) as follows B) in other words C) for instance D) the following B) in other words
____ are the steps to complete the task: first, gather the data; second, analyze the results; third, write the report. A) As follows B) These C) For example D) Like B) These
The key benefits include: ____ increased efficiency, reduced costs, and improved customer satisfaction. A) as follows B) for instance C) the following D) such as C) the following
To illustrate the point, ____ consider the case of Apple Inc. A) as follows B) for instance C) for example D) such as B) for instance
The regulations include several requirements, ____ ensuring safety standards and environmental protection. A) such as B) as follows C) for example D) the following A) such as
We need to improve our customer service, ____ by providing better training to our staff. A) as follows B) namely C) for instance D) such as C) for instance
The team will consist of ____ members: John, Mary, and David. A) as follows B) the following C) for example D) like B) the following
The report highlights key areas, ____ data analysis and market research. A) as follows B) namely C) for instance D) such as B) namely

Exercise 2: Rewriting Sentences

Rewrite the following sentences using an alternative to “as follows.”

Original Sentence Rewritten Sentence
The requirements are as follows: a detailed proposal and a budget breakdown. The requirements include a detailed proposal and a budget breakdown.
The company’s goals are as follows: increase sales and improve customer satisfaction. The company’s goals are to increase sales and improve customer satisfaction.
The steps are as follows: gather data, analyze results, and write a report. These are the steps: gather data, analyze results, and write a report.
The ingredients needed are as follows: flour, sugar, and eggs. The ingredients needed are flour, sugar, and eggs.
The key benefits are as follows: cost savings and increased efficiency. The key benefits include cost savings and increased efficiency.
The topics covered are as follows: algebra, geometry, and calculus. The topics covered include algebra, geometry, and calculus.
The main concerns are as follows: environmental impact and social responsibility. The main concerns are environmental impact and social responsibility.
The required documents are as follows: a passport and a visa. The required documents include a passport and a visa.
The major changes are as follows: organizational restructuring and technological upgrades. The major changes include organizational restructuring and technological upgrades.
The primary factors are as follows: market demand and competitive landscape. The primary factors are market demand and competitive landscape.

Exercise 3: Fill in the Blanks

Fill in the blanks with an appropriate alternative to “as follows.”

Question Answer
The project will ____ of three phases: planning, execution, and evaluation. consist
The company is focusing on ____ areas: marketing and sales. namely
____, consider the impact of social media on society. For example
The benefits ____ increased efficiency and reduced costs. include
The requirements ____ a detailed proposal and a budget breakdown. are
The team members ____ John, Mary, and David. are
The key principles ____ sustainability, efficiency, and transparency. are
The main objectives ____ increasing market share and improving customer satisfaction. are
The critical elements ____ risk management and quality control. include
The necessary tools ____ a hammer, a screwdriver, and a wrench. are

Advanced Topics

For advanced learners, consider exploring more nuanced aspects of these alternatives. For example, delve into the etymology of phrases like “namely” or “for instance” to understand their historical context and subtle connotations.

Research the specific contexts in which certain alternatives are preferred in academic or professional writing. Additionally, explore how these phrases are translated and used in other languages to gain a broader perspective on their function and usage.

Consider the use of these phrases in different dialects of English. For instance, some phrases might be more common in British English than in American English, or vice versa.

Pay attention to the subtle differences in meaning and usage that can arise from these regional variations.

FAQ

Here are some frequently asked questions about alternatives to “as follows”:

  1. Is it always necessary to use an alternative to “as follows”?

    No, it’s not always necessary. “As follows” is a perfectly acceptable phrase, especially in formal writing. However, using alternatives can add variety and sophistication to your writing, making it more engaging for the reader.

  2. Can I use “etc.” after introducing a list with “such as” or “like”?

    Yes, you can use “etc.” to indicate that the list is not exhaustive. However, be mindful of overusing “etc.” as it can make your writing sound vague. Only use it when it’s clear that the list is illustrative and not meant to be complete.

  3. What’s the difference between “for example” and “for instance”?

    “For example” is a general phrase used to introduce any illustrative instance. “For instance” is often used to introduce a more specific or detailed example that provides greater insight into the topic.

  4. Is it grammatically correct to use “as follows” without a colon?

    While it’s technically grammatically correct, it’s generally considered best practice to use a colon after “as follows” to clearly signal the introduction of a list, explanation, or example.

  5. Can I use “as follows” in informal writing?

    While grammatically correct, “as follows” can sound overly formal in informal contexts. Consider using more casual alternatives like “like” or “such as” in emails to friends or blog posts.

  6. How can I avoid overusing alternatives to “as follows”?

    Pay attention to the frequency with which you use these phrases in your writing. If you notice that you are relying on a particular alternative too often, try to vary your language by using different phrases or restructuring your sentences.

  7. Are there any alternatives that are specific to academic writing?

    In academic writing, phrases like “namely,” “specifically,” and “for instance

    ,” are often preferred for their precision and formality.

  8. How do I know which alternative is the most appropriate?

    Consider the context, formality, and desired tone of your writing. Choose an alternative that accurately conveys your intended meaning and is appropriate for your audience.

  9. Can I use a combination of alternatives in the same piece of writing?

    Yes, using a variety of alternatives can make your writing more engaging and less repetitive. Just be sure to use each alternative correctly and in the appropriate context.

  10. Are there any alternatives that should be avoided altogether?

    Generally, no alternative should be completely avoided, but some may be less appropriate in certain contexts. For example, overly informal alternatives like “like” might not be suitable for formal academic writing.

Conclusion

Mastering alternatives to “as follows” is a valuable skill for anyone looking to improve their English writing. By understanding the nuances of these phrases and practicing their usage, you can enhance the clarity, sophistication, and impact of your communication.

Whether you are crafting a formal report or a casual email, the ability to choose the right alternative will empower you to express yourself with greater confidence and precision. So, take the time to explore these alternatives, practice using them in your writing, and watch your communication skills flourish.

Related Posts

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *